德国海尔布隆滨河景观设计

▼项目总览

Overall views of the project © Nikolai Benner

海尔布隆市中心内卡河的河岸景观因公路与铁路线的空间分隔，变得支离破碎。许多地块人迹罕至。借由内卡河弯道处棕地的城市再规划，现有城市的空间结构将被重新缝合。

在这一过程中，景观发挥了最突出的作用。造成空间割裂的交通基础设施被拆除，城市景观和滨水景观成为整座城市的连接纽带而展开。

现有的空间结构和景观氛围同新元素结合在一起，形成几条连续的景观带：河流岛屿处的景观花园和城市公园，连接着新的住宅区，Hafenberg狭长地带以及内卡栖息地沿岸自然体验区。每条景观带都展示出特有的景观主题，并融汇到了城市的智能景观之中。

The urban riverscapes of the River Neckar in the heart of Heilbronn appeared fragmented and were characterized by spatial obstacles such as roads and railway lines. Many plots were inaccessible and vacant. Triggered by the development of the “Neckarbogen” (bend of the river Neckar) urban scheme on a former brownfield site, the city’s urban fabric is now being re-stitched. In this process, landscape has been playing a most prominent part. Dividing traffic infrastructures were abolished and the urban landscapes and waterfronts unfold as a connecting tissue for the whole city.Existing structures and atmospheres were combined with new elements into several continuous landscape strips: the landscaped gardens of the river islands, the urban parks connected to the new housing scheme, the narrow band of Hafenberg, or the nature experience along Neckarhabitat. Each strip develops its own authentic landscape theme embedded into the overall flow of a contemporary, “smart”landscape imbuing the city. 

▼项目总平面图

Overall site plan of the temporary exhibition © SINAI

▼丰富多样的河岸景致

 The varied riverside landscape © Nikolai Benner

景观作为整体城市结构

Landscape as an overall urban structure

德国联邦园艺博览会的举办开启了海尔布隆市的全面重建计划，该计划起始于“Modellquartier Neckarbogen”住宅规划，至2019年已完成三分之一。新型城市景观是展现公共空间品质的主要载体，并体现出城市的总体规划。在2011年的竞赛中，该项目以时尚的都市景观诠释了城市肌理，并让内卡河沿岸及内卡运河畔的主要景观带重新得以呈现。这些设计提升了滨河景观的连续性，跨越过现有障碍，再次将空间联结起来。

BUGA Heilbronn, the Federal Garden Exhibition, has set in motion a comprehensive rebuilding of the city of Heilbronn, with the“Modellquartier Neckarbogen”housing scheme as a spatial kick-off, completed to one third so far in 2019. New urban landscapes here provide the main qualities for public space and inform overall strategies of urban planning. In the competition entry of 2011, the urban fabric was interpreted in a landscape based fashion, identifying main landscape strips along the riversides of the river Neckar and the“Neckarkanal”canal. They help to strengthen the continuum of the riverscape and to link spaces across existing barriers.

Neckarbogen景观

The landscapes of Neckarbogen

临时园艺展览所保留的景观框架构成了该方案的设计核心。市内河流沿岸超过两公里的空置地块将被重新建设，并向公众开放。与此同时，城市多元智能景观也融汇了噪音防护、雨洪阻滞、城市野生动植物保护等基本景观功能。尊重城中景观的价值与经济型使用诉求是打造多层次功能与创新型设计的良好动力。

The urban landscapes designed to remain after the temporary Garden Exhibition frame the urban core of the scheme. More than two kilometers open space developments along inner-city riversides have been created or regained from wasteland for the urban public. At the same time, essential landscape functions such as noise protection, stormwater retention, or urban wildlife protection are merged into multi-coded,“smart”landscapes. Respect for the value of the inner-city landscape and the demand to use it economically were motivations to create a wide variety of layered functions and innovative designs. 

捷径/环线

Short Cuts / Circuit

Hafenberg公园以12米高的土石堤岸为特色，打造出Neckarkanal工业背景下的人造景观山脊。尽管空间受限，顶部的空中步道仍可以让人们饱览城市外围的乡野景致。人造峭壁与峡谷被用作攀岩墙与垂直游乐场。Hafenberg山坡上的碎岩与砾石为蜥蜴与嗜热昆虫提供了良好的生态栖息环境。石笼和藤蔓让人联想到内卡河被侵蚀的河岸，使得设计方案与场地特征紧密联系了起来。

With Felsenufer, the Hafenberg park features embankments of earth and stone rising up to 12 metres, creating an artificial landscaped spine in front of the industrial backdrop of the Neckarkanal. Notwithstanding the constrictions of space, the skywalk on top allows wide vistas into the countryside beyond the city. The walls and gorges make for climbing walls and a vertical playground. Rock fragments and gravel fields on the Hafenberg hill slopes provide biotopes for lizards and thermophile insects. Gabions and vines reminiscent of the river Neckar’s eroding banks tie the design scheme to regional references.

▼12米高的土石堤岸

 The embankments of earth and stone rising up to 12 metres © Nikolai Benner